Pentesting SMB ( Samba ) Server

Pentesting SMB ( Samba ) Server 

- Pentesting Steps:

- 1. Information Gathering:

   - Identify SMB Version: Determine which version of SMB the server is running using tools like `nmap`:

     ```bash

     nmap -p 445 --script smb-protocols <target_IP>

     ```

   - Enumerate SMB Shares: Identify accessible shares on the server using tools like `enum4linux`:

     ```bash

     enum4linux -a <target_IP>

     ```

   - Check for NetBIOS Information: Gather NetBIOS information to understand the server's naming conventions and network layout:

     ```bash

     nbtscan <target_IP>

     ```

- 2. Vulnerability Scanning:

   - Use vulnerability scanning tools to identify potential weaknesses:

     - Nessus: Perform a scan to detect vulnerabilities related to SMB services.

     - OpenVAS: Conduct scans for SMB-related vulnerabilities and misconfigurations.

- 3. Exploitation:

   - Exploit identified vulnerabilities to gain unauthorized access or escalate privileges:

     - Metasploit: Use Metasploit modules targeting SMB vulnerabilities (e.g., EternalBlue for SMBv1, SMBGhost for SMBv3).

     - Manual Exploitation: Utilize proof-of-concept (PoC) exploits available for specific vulnerabilities.

- 4. Password Cracking:

   - If SMB shares require authentication, attempt password cracking using tools like `hydra` or `john`:

     ```bash

     hydra -L users.txt -P passwords.txt smb://<target_IP>

     ```

     Replace `users.txt` and `passwords.txt` with your username and password lists.

- 5. Post-Exploitation:

   - Once access is gained, perform activities to demonstrate the impact of a successful attack:

     - Dump Hashes: Retrieve and dump password hashes stored on the server.

     - Privilege Escalation: Attempt to escalate privileges to gain higher-level access on the server.

- 6. Mitigation Recommendations:

   - Provide detailed recommendations to the server owner on mitigating identified vulnerabilities and improving overall security posture:

     - Disable SMBv1 if not required.

     - Implement strong password policies and multi-factor authentication (MFA).

     - Apply security patches promptly.

- Tools for SMB Pentesting:

- Nmap: Network scanning and enumeration.

- enum4linux: SMB enumeration tool.

- Metasploit Framework: Exploitation and post-exploitation framework.

- Nessus/OpenVAS: Vulnerability scanners.

- Responder: LLMNR, NBT-NS, and MDNS poisoner.

- Impacket: Python library for working with network protocols.